The Influence of Climate on the Determination of the Upper Permissible Fluoride Level in Potable Water in Sudan
نویسنده
چکیده
The incidence of dental fluorosis in Sudan ranges from 4.5–100% depending on the fluoride level in potable water. The present study was designed to determine the maximum safe level for fluoride in potable water under the conditions currently prevailing in the affected areas using the Galagan and Vermillion equation which permits the calculation of the upper permissible fluoride level as a function of temperature. The annual mean maximum temperature (AMMT) in Sudan during the last 10 years, from data in the database bank of the American Central Intelligence Agency, was 35.58oC which gave an upper permissible fluoride level in potable water of 0.61 ppm. However, after applying a correction factor of 0.56 to the equation to allow for the current Sudanese conditions, an upper permissible limit for fluoride in potable water was found of 0.32–0.35 mg/L. The people in fluoride endemic areas in Sudan should not drink water with a fluoride level above 0.35 mg/L to avoid the risk of fluorosis.
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